Last updated on March 17th, 2023 at 01:33 am
Finding a new language to learn can be difficult, primarily if the language is known for being complex. Mandarin is commonly regarded as the most difficult language in the world, but many other languages are often overlooked. This blog post looks at the most challenging languages for those passionate about learning languages and striving to take on a new one.
Table of Contents
Toughest Language in the World- Status
- Mainland China and Taiwan
Standard Mandarin is employed in mainland China and Taiwan as the primary language, connecting people who speak different dialects that are not mutually intelligible. It is employed in all facets of formal and informal communication and is the language of instruction used in media and at all educational levels. As a result, Standard Mandarin is now spoken with various degrees of proficiency and with slight pronunciation variations by most people in mainland China and Taiwan.
- Singapore
Standard Chinese is one of the four official tongues of Singapore, alongside English, Tamil, and Malay. Even though English is the primary language used in primary schools, Mandarin, Tamil, and Malay are taught in schools of their respective language groups. Schools in Chinese communities receive additional financing to teach Mandarin and use it as the primary language since most Chinese Singaporeans are native speakers of Min Nan Chinese, so they must learn Standard Chinese as their second dialect.
Toughest Language in the World- Dialects
Mandarin is the primary dialect used in China, regarding the number of speakers (around 70% of the population) and its political relevance. This language, translated to English as guān-huà, is referred to as the “official language” as it is used in the capital city of Beijing. This dialect has been used as the official language of China for centuries and is referred to by different names in different parts of the world. In the People’s Republic of China, it is known as pŭtōnghuà (‘common speech’), guóyŭ (‘national language’) in Taiwan, and huáyŭ (‘Chinese language’) in Singapore and Malaysia. Although all of these are based on the dialect used in Beijing, they differ in pronunciation and vocabulary. Mandarin spoken in mainland China is typically divided into four main regional varieties, which are mostly mutually understandable.
- Northern Mandarin (Huabei Guanhua) includes the Beijing dialect.
- Eastern Mandarin (Jinghuai Guanhua).
- Northwestern Mandarin (Xibei Guanhua).
- Southwestern Mandarin (Xinan Guanhua).
Toughest Language in the World- Syllable structure
In Mandarin, a syllable consists of an optional start consonant + vowel (accompanied by tone) + optional final consonant (n or ng).
Toughest Language in the World- Vowels
The exact amount of vowel sounds in Mandarin Chinese that are distinct enough to differentiate between word meanings is disputed, with some sources claiming there are seven.
Front |
Central |
Back |
|
---|---|---|---|
Unrounded |
Rounded |
Unrounded |
Rounded |
Close |
I |
y |
u |
Mid |
e |
ə |
o |
Open |
a |
Toughest Language in the World- Consonants
The table below displays the 22 consonant phonemes in Mandarin.
Bilabial |
Labiodental |
Alveolar |
Retroflex |
Alveolopalatal |
Velar |
Stops |
unaspirated |
p |
t |
k |
|
aspirated |
pʰ |
tʰ |
kʰ |
||
Fricatives |
f |
s |
ʂ |
ɕ |
|
Affricates |
unaspirated |
ts |
tʂ |
tɕ |
|
aspirated |
tsʰ |
tʂʰ |
tɕʰ |
||
Nasals |
m |
n |
ŋ |
||
Lateral |
l |
||||
Approximants |
w |
ɻ |
Toughest Language in the World- Tones
The tones of each syllable in Mandarin Chinese are of great importance for correct pronunciation. The difference in tones makes each syllable distinct, although they may be composed of the same consonants and vowels. The Chinese government’s romanization system, Pīnyīn, uses diacritical marks above the vowels to show the tones. For example, the syllable ma can be written in four different ways to illustrate the four tones of Mandarin. These tones can alter the meaning of the syllable significantly.
1st tone | high-level | mā | ‘mother’ |
2nd tone | rising | má | ‘hemp’ |
3rd tone | falling-rising | mă | ‘horse’ |
4th tone | falling | mà | ‘scold’ |
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Some of The Toughest Languages in the World
Here we will look at some of the most challenging languages in the world other than Mandarin.
- Arabic
Arabic is a highly esteemed poetic language, being one of six official languages of the United Nations and one of the most difficult to learn. Its prevalence in the Middle East and Africa, with over 300 million speakers, makes it a language worth learning. It can open up to you some of the most renowned literary works and historical documents; however, the Foreign Services Institute states it may take up to two years. It is a challenging language to understand since it has a plethora of dialects, a vast vocabulary, an opposite writing style compared to English, difficult pronunciations, and a lack of vowel sounds.
- Japanese
can be an incredibly tricky language for those who are used to speaking English, Spanish, or French, but it could be much simpler for those proficient in Eastern Asian tongues. This language does not have plurals and is native to the Japanese, who take extreme pride in their language and strive to keep it alive. Japanese is complex due to its sentence structure, thousands of kanji characters, and many dialects.
- Telugu
Telugu, one of India’s most widely-spoken Dravidian languages, is spoken in states such as Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and is recognized as one of India’s 22 official languages. It is often called the “Italian of the East” due to its melodious sound. For those who are not native speakers of Sanskrit or any other Southern Indian language, it can be difficult to learn Telugu due to the challenging script and pronunciation.
Aside from these languages, there are some other challenging languages like Polish, Turkish, Russian, Vietnamese, Finnish, Korean, etc.
Toughest Language in the World: FAQs
Mandarin Chinese is the most complicated language to learn.
Mandarin Chinese is the most widely spoken native language in the world.
As Hindi has more borrowed words from English than Chinese, it is more difficult to learn Chinese.
Some people learned Hindi in less than a year. It is possible, and you will learn it faster than you think.
You can learn basic Chinese in a month or two, but you’ll need at least a year of intensive study to become a fluent speaker.